At all scales of Nature, from bacterial flagella to tree branches, biological organisms interact with a surrounding fluid environment. These interactions are generally critical for their survival and are often fully coupled: the organisms modify or create flows around them, and these flows, through surface forces (pressure or viscous forces), exert loads on the organisms that can deform them and modify their behavior. One example is blood flow, where fluid stresses acting on red blood cells have well-studied impact both in normal physiology and disease. Another example is the fluid-based motility of organisms, at all scales, from cells to birds, or fish. Much research efforts have been devoted to understanding the adaptation of biological organisms to resist or exploit aero- or hydrodynamic constraints. One motivation for these studies, beyond the desire to gain a deeper understanding of the natural world, is to design efficient biomimetic artificial systems. This school will teach the fundamental modeling tools required to quantify and understand the fluid mechanics of biological and bio-inspired systems. The various branches of fluid mechanics can be divided according to the relevant Reynolds number involved. The same classification is applicable to biological fluid mechanics. Although there may be some apparent kinematic similarities between the swimming motion of an eel and a spermatozoon, the Reynolds numbers involved and thus the fluid dynamics are very different. Accordingly, the lectures of this school will be divided into two groups. Three series of lectures will be concerned with the low-Reynolds number regime and the fluid mechanics around cells. At this scale, important problems include the physics of membranes, thermal fluctuations, elastics instabilities such as cell wrinkling and buckling, flagellar and ciliary locomotion, collective motion of bacteria, chemotaxis, and rheology of non-Newtonian flows. The second series of three lectures will focus on the large Reynolds number limit and macroscopic locomotion. These courses will address the fluid mechanics and the fluid-structure interactions of flying, swimming, and human motion with emphasis on the importance of unsteady effects, vortex dynamics, boundary layers, efficiency, optimization, and athletic performance in sports. The objective of this school is to provide an introduction to fluid mechanics for biological and bio-inspired systems with an emphasis on the role of fluid-structure interactions. The lectures will address both the experimental and theoretical aspects of the field, and will cover the fundamentals as well as recent developments and open questions. This course is aimed at PhD students, postdoctoral fellow, and young researchers in the fields of Physics, Biophysics, Applied Mathematics, Robotics, and Engineering.